What is Myofascial Pain Syndrome?
Individuals with MPS develop either muscular achiness or tightness (due to shortening and contraction of injured muscle fibers) or will often experience referred pain. In the first instance, one might feel "knots" or spasms in the area of muscle injury. Referred pain, however, occurs in areas of the body remote from the origin of the problem. For example, you might feel pain shooting down the leg to the calf from a "trigger point" in the buttocks or low back. Alternatively, a headache may be the result of a trigger point in the neck or upper back. A trigger point is the localized area of muscle irritability that disrupts normal muscle function and is the source of both local and referred pain phenomena. It may feel to you like a "knot" or "band" in the muscle and is often very sensitive to even light pressure.

What causes myofascial pain?

Fortunately, the causes of myofascial syndrome are well known. They include: Trauma: from motor vehicle accidents or falls Improper lifting techniques: leading to muscle injury Prolonged stress on muscles: related to poor posture or an inadequate work environment Repetitive use: muscles may be too deconditioned for the particular activity or task Immobilization: after an arm or leg is placed in a cast Pinched nerves: in the spine or in association with surgical correction of these disorders.

Does stress affect the problem?

Stress and tension can make the discomfort of myofascial pain even worse. Rarely are stress and/or psychological problems alone the sole cause of the problem. Rather, they contribute to a more prolonged course of the condition.

How do we treat myofascial pain?

Treatment for myofascial pain syndrome involves a multifaceted program that has been meticulously developed by our physicians and therapists.

What is the therapist's role during treatment?

The essential component of healing MPS is an intensive physical therapy intervention designed to breakup the trigger point and relieves areas of muscle soreness. Since the muscle shortens in response to injury, effective treatment can only be accomplished if the injured muscles are restored to their normal resting length. The therapists achieve this by using moist heat, ultrasound, electrical stimulation or other physical modalities to prepare the muscles for stretching by the therapist or, most importantly, by you. Sometimes a coolant spray will be applied to muscles before they are stretched. We call this technique "Spray & Stretch". In many cases, specialized massage performed by the physical therapist or in some instances a myotherapist will help the recovery process.

What is the physician's role during treatment?

In more difficult cases, our physical medicine specialists may inject the trigger points with an anesthetic. This procedure is followed by sustained stretching and helps to reduce spasm and relax muscles.

What is the patient's role during treatment?

As you gain a thorough understanding of what myofascial pain is, you will appreciate your role in managing your symptoms. It is your commitment that ultimately ensures a good result. We cannot emphasize enough the importance of maintaining a consistent home exercise program. As you begin to feel better, it becomes natural for you to become less committed to your exercises. However, we have found that the most common cause of recurrence or worsening of symptoms is the lack of a comprehensive and consistent exercise program. Make certain to continue your customized exercises on a regular basis. Should you have additional questions, please feel free to speck with your physician, physician's assistant or therapist. We encourage your participation and are dedicated to your recovery.